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This is the fifth volume in the biennial series Advances in Medical Physics (AMP), and the first of this series in full color! AMP is designed to help medical physicists, technically inclined physicians, and other professionals to stay current in medical radiation science and technology—and in particular, in sub-fields of medical physics other than their own. Volume 5 contains an expanded focus on radiation oncology topics, including the new GammaPod 60Co device for breast radiosurgery, the allure of targeted dose enhancement via gold nanoparticles, strategies and devices for respiratory motion management, proton therapy fundamentals, and novel high resolution 3D dosimeters which can be employed for the precise dose verification of complex treatment plans. Radiation protection subjects include the role of the ICRP and IAEA in medicine, and a comprehensive review of the many types of dosimeters available for monitoring personnel exposure. Finally, the field of imaging is well represented, as always, with fascinating chapters highlighting novel x-ray photonics and phase contrast imaging technologies; current state-of-the-art PET and cardiac SPECT implementations; the fundamentals of parallel MRI, and advanced MRI sequences; and the first part of a suggested road map for teaching MRI to engineering and medical physics students.